Causes of wear of non-standard tools

Tool wear in cutting process is usually the result of the interaction of mechanical, thermal, chemical and three effects. Let's analyze it carefully

1) Mechanical wear: it is caused by the cutting action caused by the violent friction between the workpiece and the rake face of the tool and between the workpiece and the rake face of the tool during chip friction. It is an important reason for tool wear.

If the cutting temperature is not high, the mechanical scratch caused by this friction is the main cause of non-standard tool wear.

(2) Thermal wear: when cutting, the cutting heat caused by severe plastic deformation and friction of metal reduces the hardness of the blade and loses cutting performance, which is called thermal wear.

In addition to the above two types of wear, there are the following types of wear:

Under high temperature and high pressure, the adhesion between the tool and the workpiece material is caused by cutting, and some tool materials are taken away by chips, resulting in bonding wear of the tool.

At a higher temperature, some elements in the tool material (such as tungsten, cobalt, titanium, etc.) will diffuse into the workpiece material, so as to change the chemical composition of the surface of the tool cutting part, reduce the tool strength and wear resistance, and produce the wear of non-standard tools.