How to determine the angle of turning tool

How to determine the angle of turning tool? There are many types of turning tools due to different shapes of turning objects, but a good turning tool should have two properties: a rigid handle and a sharp blade. The blade angle of turning tool directly affects the use of turning.

1) The angle of front clearance angle inclined from the nose down to the inside of the tool is the front clearance angle. A space is formed under the working face and the tool tip to concentrate the cutting action on the nose. The tool will rub on the surface, resulting in rough surface. If the angle is too large, the tool is prone to tremor, which can break the nose. When installing the clearance angle before grinding of turning tool with inclined middle handle, the inclination angle of handle shall be considered. The angle of high-speed steel turning tool is about 8 ~ 10 degrees, while that of carbide turning tool is 6 ~ 8 degrees.

2) Edge clearance angle the angle at which the side of the cutter tilts from the cutting edge to the inside of the cutter is the edge clearance angle. The edge clearance angle forms a space between the working surface and the tool side, so that the cutting effect is concentrated on the cutting edge and improves the cutting efficiency. The angle of high-speed steel turning tool is about 10 ~ 12 degrees.

3) The angle of inclination from the top surface of the knife from the nose to the handle is the back angle. This angle is mainly used to guide chip removal and reduce chip removal resistance. Cutting general metal, high-speed steel turning tool is generally 8 ~ 16 degrees, while carbide turning tool is negative inclination or zero degrees.

4) The bevel angle is inclined from the cutting edge to the other side from the tool top surface. The angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is the bevel angle. This angle is the angle to make the chip separate from the working object, so that chip removal is easy and effective turning can be obtained. For cutting general metal, the angle of high-speed steel turning tool is about 10 ~ 14 degrees, while carbide turning tool can be positive or negative.

5) The angle at which the front end of the blade is perpendicular to the handle. The function of this angle is to keep a gap between the front end of the blade and the workpiece, so as to avoid the friction or scratch of the machined surface between the blade and the workpiece.

6) The angle between the front end of the cutting edge and the handle, which is used to change the thickness of the cutting layer. At the same time, the trimming angle can also change the force direction of the turning tool, reduce the feed resistance and increase the time of trimming angle. Therefore, in general, the turning tool with large trimming angle should be used in rough turning to reduce the feed resistance and increase the cutting speed.

7) Nose radius is the arc radius of the cutting edge at the highest point of the cutting edge. The nose has large radius and strength, which is used for large cutting depth, but it is easy to produce high-frequency vibration.